Genetic counselling is a key medical process, which precedes, follows and is closely related to genetic diagnosis and research. It consists in obtaining, interpreting and providing genetic, medical and reproductive information to patients and families related to rare diseases. It complements, in a necessary and mandatory way, the availability of biotechnological genetic resources. It should be carried out in a clinical setting, through genetic services and with the support of multidisciplinary health teams that can facilitate adequate and equitable access to patients, as well as their subsequent follow-up.